中国经济增长与制度变迁的空间面板数据分析     

季民河  武占云  苏海龙  姜磊 《地域研究与开发》2011,30(6):1-5

以North的体制经济学为理论依据,将新古典经济学的Solow增长模型扩展为一个包含制度变量的计量经济学模型,并结合空间面板数据分析方法,使用1997—2005年中国省区的社会经济数据实证检验了经济制度环境对经济增长的影响。研究结果表明:该时期的制度变迁对中国的经济增长具有显著贡献力,证实了North的制度经济学理论假设。此外,空间面板数据的分析方法深入地揭示了省域经济活动之间存在的空间自相关性,即地区之间通过技术扩散、要素转移以及社会文化交流等在地理空间上发生相互影响。  相似文献   

密肋复合墙体的地震损伤极限概率分析     

田洁  姚谦峰  黄炜 《地震工程与工程振动》2008,28(4)

密肋复合墙体是密肋壁板结构体系的主要承载构件,本文根据32块密肋复合墙体在单调及低周往复循环荷载作用下的试验结果,结合我国现行规范的目标性能,提出了针对密肋复合墙体的三个损伤性能水平及相应的量化参数,研究了这种新型墙体的损伤模型及各性能水平的允许极限破坏指标的概率特性。结果表明,采用四种地震损伤模型计算的墙体屈服、极限、破坏状态的损伤指数,在给定的显著性水平下分别服从正态分布、对数正态分布或极值Ⅰ型分布,并得到了分布的统计参数,可为该类墙体基于损伤性能的可靠度分析提供依据和参考。  相似文献   

附加质量法在水布垭堆石体密度测定中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

宋先海  肖柏勋  顾汉明  张学强  邓世坤  许顺芳 《煤田地质与勘探》2004,32(3):40-43

介绍了附加质量法测定堆石体密度的基本原理、仪器设备及现场测试过程,并结合水布垭大坝一期填筑工程堆石体密度测定工作,分析了该方法的有效性。测试结果表明,该方法不但具有现场测试快速、轻便、无损和精度高等优点,而且适用于不同粒径组成的堆石体,在堆石体密度测定中具有广阔的应用前景。   相似文献   

Analysis of Stock Market Development and CO2 Emissions on OECD Countries via an Empirical Model     

Zhigang Li  Wei‐Ting Chen  I‐Chia Chang  Joe‐Ming Lee 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2020,48(4)

Accompanying economic growth, CO₂ emissions have polluted the natural environment worldwide. This study highlights the special problems with stock market development and CO₂ emissions in 25 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries during 1971–2007 to trace the trend of CO₂ emissions while countries grow their economies. A panel‐data model is applied to analyze the relationships between stock market (SM) development, energy consumption, gross domestic product (GDP), and CO₂ emissions in 25 OECD countries. Low‐GDP countries show different results from high‐GDP countries in the trends of SM development and CO₂ emissions, and dynamic effects occur in SM development and CO₂ emissions under various GDP conditions. There is a negative relationship between SM development and CO₂ emissions if countries enjoy high economic growth, which means that these countries avoid CO₂ emissions through SM development. However, a positive relationship is found between SM development and CO₂ emissions if countries experience low economic growth, which means that SM development does not show the boycott‐effect relationship with CO₂ emissions when countries experience low levels of economic development. This study shows a correlation between SM development and CO₂ emissions among OECD countries.  相似文献   

中国城市技术创新能力的空间特征及影响因素——基于空间面板数据模型的研究   总被引：11，自引：6，他引：5  

王俊松  颜燕  胡曙虹 《地理科学》2017,37(1):11-18

基于2003~2013年城市专利数据采用基尼系数、趋势面分析、空间动态面板数据模型等方法探讨了中国城市技术创新能力的空间分布和影响因素。研究发现：① 中国创新能力高的城市高度集聚在沿海三大区域及内地的区域中心城市,随着时间推移,创新能力在空间上呈现扩散的趋势。城市技术创新能力的空间相关性逐渐增强,推动了创新的区域扩散和空间溢出。② 发明专利、外观专利和实用新型专利的创新水平依次降低,空间集聚程度依次提高,空间相关性依次提高。③ 固定效应面板数据的空间滞后模型和空间Durbin模型的计量结果发现,城市技术创新能力存在显著的空间溢出效应,邻近城市技术创新能力的提升有助于提升该市的创新能力。政府支持、工业基础、高等教育资源、创新投入、经济外向度显著影响城市技术创新能力水平的提升,且政府支持和城市高等教育资源对城市技术创新能力的影响出现增强趋势。  相似文献   

中国的地区企业进入与退出关联研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李蕴雄  任永欢  贺灿飞 《地理科学进展》2016,35(3):349-357

企业的进入退出存在显著的前后关联,关联机制可以分解为竞争效应与乘数效应。本文探讨了1998-2013年间中国制造业企业的空间格局演化过程,发现地级市尺度的企业动态存在明显的时空关联。16年间,企业动态空间格局发生了剧烈演变,逐渐表现出同类型地区集聚现象。利用差分GMM的动态面板模型验证了企业动态在时间上的前后依赖关系。前期的进入与退出对本期企业动态有不同的影响,竞争效应决定企业的进入,乘数效应决定企业的退出。前期企业动态对后期进入的影响会立即显现出来并随时间衰减,而对退出的影响则存在明显滞后效应,在两年之后达到峰值。同时,产业动态关联机制存在显著的空间差异,其中东部地区显示出更强的竞争效应。不同发展水平的地区应采取差别化的政策来指导地区的产业发展,实现产业更新、结构升级和区域经济的可持续发展。东部地区应建立企业准入门槛,降低低效企业退出壁垒;西部地区应该积极吸引新企业进入,并保护在位企业,防止企业退出导致的连锁性萧条。  相似文献   

Environmental inequality and pollution advantage among immigrants in the United States     

《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2017

Environmental inequality scholarship has paid little attention to the disproportional exposure of immigrants in the United States (U.S.) to unfavorable environmental conditions. This study investigates whether new international migrants in the U.S. are exposed to environmental hazards and how this pattern varies among immigrant subpopulations (e.g., Hispanics, Asian, European). We combine sociodemographic information from the American Community Survey with toxicity-weighted chemical concentrations (Toxics Release Inventory) to model the relationship between toxin exposure and the relative population of recent immigrants across Public Use Microdata Areas (PUMAs, n = 2054) during 2005–2011. Results from spatial panel models show that immigrants tend to be less exposed to toxins, suggesting resilience instead of vulnerability. This pattern was pronounced among immigrants from Europe and Latin America (excluding Mexico). However, our results revealed that Mexican immigrants are disproportionately exposed to environmental hazards in wealthy regions.  相似文献   

Identification of damage on ship's cross stiffened plate panels using vibration response     

A. Budipriyanto  M.R. Haddara  A.S.J. Swamidas   《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(5-6):709-716

This paper describes a scheme for identifying damage on a cross stiffened plate of a tanker ship model. Two damage locations were investigated. One was located at the intersection between the longitudinal and the bulkhead. The other was located at the intersection between the longitudinal and the web frame. The amplitude of a function containing the natural frequency, the damping ratio and the response was used as an indicator for damage. The function was obtained from a simulation using a neural network technique which inputs were the model's response. Simulation results obtained using response from numerical and experimental investigations are discussed. It was observed that even when the natural frequencies and the damping ratios did not show any definable trend due to the presence of damages, the amplitudes of the function showed consistent trends as the damage became more severe.  相似文献   

High-speed submerged and surface piercing cavitating hydrofoils, including tandem case     

Sakir Bal   《Ocean Engineering》2007,34(14-15):1935-1946

The iterative method that is originally developed before both for two- and three-dimensional single cavitating hydrofoils moving with a constant speed under free surface is applied to the case of high-speed (Froude number up to 6.5) and some figures are given. The method is also extended to include the surface piercing hydrofoils (vertical struts) and the case of tandem hydrofoils into the calculations. The iterative nonlinear method based on the Green's theorem allows separating the cavitating hydrofoil problem(s) and the free surface problem. These two (or three in the case of tandem hydrofoil) problems are solved separately, with the effects of one on the other being accounted for in an iterative manner. The cavitating hydrofoil surface(s) and the free surface are modeled with constant strength dipole and constant strength source panels. The source strengths on the free surface are expressed in terms of perturbation potential by applying the linearized free surface conditions. No radiation condition is enforced for downstream and transverse boundaries. The cavitation number is expressed in terms of Froude number and the submergence depth of the hydrofoil from the free surface. An algebraic grid on the free surface has been described to get a smooth transition between the panels along the direction of uniform inflow and to have a long distance in the downstream direction depending on the wave-length (or Froude number) while keeping the number of panels fixed. First, the method is validated in the case of surface piercing hydrofoil. Then, the effects of high Froude number and the submergence depth of the hydrofoil from free surface on the results are discussed and some figures are given for interested engineers and designers. The method is later applied to the case of tandem hydrofoils and the effects of one hydrofoil on the other are discussed.  相似文献   

Overall stability performance of alternative hull forms     

M. Taylan 《Ocean Engineering》2002,29(13):1021-1681

In this paper, two alternative corvette hull forms namely, the round bottom and deep V have been comparatively analyzed in terms of intact and damaged stability and roll performance in beam waves. The boat is planned to operate in the Navy's coastal water missions. Even though both forms are considered to comply with the design requirements, slight differences in displacement and principal dimensions are found to be inevitable due to the intrinsic characteristics of the specific forms. First part of the study concentrated on determining the conventional intact and damaged stability qualities whereas the second part was devoted to nonlinear rolling behavior of the vessels in synchronous beam waves. Nonlinear rolling amplitudes are thought to be quite important especially for resonance condition since they tend to peak in capsize conditions. Various combinations of loading conditions and damaged cases are taken into account to analyze the effects of them. Comparative results are presented graphically depicting the advantages/disadvantages of the selected forms over each other.  相似文献